What is the sweetener in Hershey's Zero Sugar?
The main sweetener in Hershey's Zero Sugar products is Maltitol, a sugar alcohol (polyol). Maltitol is used as a sugar substitute because it provides a similar sweet taste but with fewer calories and a lower impact on blood sugar levels than traditional sugar. In addition to Maltitol, Hershey's also uses Polydextrose, which is a synthetic soluble fiber that acts as a bulking agent to replicate the texture and mouthfeel of sugar. The combination of these two ingredients allows Hershey's to create a zero-sugar chocolate that closely resembles the flavor and consistency of its classic, sugar-filled counterparts.
The Role of Maltitol
Maltitol is a sugar alcohol derived from corn or wheat starch. It has about 70-90% of the sweetness of sugar but contains only about half the calories per gram. Because the human body does not fully absorb it in the small intestine, it has a lower glycemic impact, which is beneficial for people managing their blood sugar levels, such as those with diabetes. However, this incomplete absorption is also responsible for one of its most notable side effects.
- Dental Benefits: Unlike sugar, Maltitol is not fermented by bacteria in the mouth, which means it doesn't contribute to tooth decay and cavities. This makes it a popular ingredient in sugar-free gums and candies.
- Lower Calorie Content: With roughly 2 to 3 calories per gram, Maltitol significantly reduces the overall caloric load compared to sugar's 4 calories per gram.
- Cooling Sensation: Some individuals may notice a mild cooling effect in the mouth when consuming products with high concentrations of Maltitol.
The Function of Polydextrose
While Maltitol provides the primary sweetness, Polydextrose serves a different, but equally important, function in Hershey's Zero Sugar products. Polydextrose is a fiber that functions as a bulking agent, mimicking the volume and texture that sugar provides.
- Improved Texture: It prevents the chocolate from having a grainy or chalky consistency, ensuring a smoother, more pleasant mouthfeel.
- Added Fiber: As a soluble fiber, Polydextrose passes undigested into the colon, where it can promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.
- Low Glycemic Index: Similar to Maltitol, Polydextrose has a very low glycemic index, further contributing to the product's suitability for those monitoring blood sugar.
The Potential Side Effects of Sugar Alcohols
The most common issue with sugar alcohols like Maltitol is their effect on the digestive system. Because they are not completely absorbed, they can draw water into the intestines, potentially leading to gastrointestinal issues if consumed in large quantities.
- Digestive Discomfort: Excessive intake of Maltitol can cause gas, bloating, cramping, and a laxative effect. Hershey's themselves advise consuming their Zero Sugar products in moderation to avoid potential discomfort.
- Serving Size Awareness: The severity of these side effects often depends on the individual's sensitivity and the quantity consumed. Even a single serving can cause issues for some people.
Comparison: Hershey's Zero Sugar vs. Regular Hershey's Chocolate
| Feature | Hershey's Zero Sugar | Regular Hershey's Chocolate |
|---|---|---|
| Sweetener | Maltitol, Polydextrose | Sugar (Sucrose), Corn Syrup |
| Calories | Approximately 130 per 4 pieces | Approximately 180 per 4 pieces (estimate) |
| Primary Sweetening Agent | Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol) | Sugar |
| Added Bulk/Fiber | Polydextrose | N/A |
| Taste Profile | Similar to classic, but some may detect a slight cooling effect | Classic sweet, creamy taste |
| Glycemic Impact | Low | High (rapid rise in blood sugar) |
| Potential Side Effects | Gastrointestinal discomfort in large amounts | None related to digestion, but potential blood sugar spikes |
Other Ingredients to Note
Beyond the sweeteners, it's worth reviewing the other components of Hershey's Zero Sugar chocolate. The list typically includes vegetable oil, chocolate, cocoa processed with alkali, milkfat, and soy lecithin. The vegetable oil blend provides the fat content, while the soy lecithin acts as an emulsifier to keep the chocolate smooth and stable. It's important to remember that 'zero sugar' does not mean 'zero calories' and that the product is not a low-calorie food.
Conclusion
When asking what's the sweetener in Hershey's Zero Sugar, the answer is a combination of Maltitol and Polydextrose. Maltitol provides the sweetness with a lower calorie count and glycemic impact than sugar, while Polydextrose mimics sugar's texture and adds beneficial fiber. For individuals looking to reduce sugar intake, this can be an appealing option. However, understanding the potential for digestive side effects from Maltitol is crucial for responsible consumption. Consumers with sensitivities should enjoy this product in moderation. Ultimately, while it serves as a good alternative for many, it should not be seen as a replacement for a balanced and whole-food diet.
For more information on sugar alcohols and their health effects, resources like those from the Yale New Haven Hospital provide excellent context.
