Why Palm Oil is so Common in Indian Biscuits
Palm oil is a cost-effective, versatile, and functional ingredient widely used in the food industry. For biscuit manufacturers, it offers several benefits, including imparting a smooth texture, extending shelf life due to its resistance to oxidation, and remaining semi-solid at room temperature. However, for many consumers, concerns regarding health and environmental impact have driven a search for palm oil-free alternatives.
The Problem with Ingredient Labels
One of the main challenges for consumers in India is that ingredient labels can be confusing. Manufacturers are sometimes permitted to list "edible vegetable oil" or "shortening" without specifying the exact type, which often conceals the presence of palm oil. For those committed to avoiding this ingredient, a proactive approach is necessary, focusing on brands that explicitly state their use of alternatives.
Categories of Palm Oil-Free Biscuits
While most mainstream brands use palm oil, alternatives can be found in specific market segments. These include:
- Organic Food Brands: These companies often have stricter ingredient sourcing policies and voluntarily avoid palm oil, replacing it with organic alternatives.
- Niche and Health Food Brands: Smaller, health-focused brands specifically market their products as free from unhealthy fats and artificial additives.
- Homemade Biscuits: Making biscuits at home provides full control over ingredients, guaranteeing no palm oil is used.
Indian Biscuits and Brands that Avoid Palm Oil
Fortunately, a growing number of Indian brands cater to conscious consumers by offering palm oil-free products. These companies often highlight their use of healthier, more sustainable alternatives like ghee, butter, sunflower oil, or coconut oil.
- Elworld Organics: This brand specifies using organic mustard oil, sunflower oil, or ghee as alternatives across its organic food range.
- Wellbe Foods: Wellbe uses organic sunflower oil, coconut oil, and groundnut oil, all of which are cold-pressed.
- Zerobeli: As advertised on platforms like Flipkart, Zerobeli's Wholegrain Jowar Jeera Biscuits are made with canola oil and are free from palm oil.
- Suryan Organic: This company, operating under the brand SOSE, uses organic sunflower oil in its organic food products.
- Altitude Everydays: A Delhi-based brand, Altitude Everydays utilizes organic sunflower oil, olive oil, and mustard oil as its fat sources.
Remember to always check the packaging, as product formulations can change over time. Many smaller, regional organic bakeries or home bakers may also offer fantastic palm oil-free options.
A Comparison of Fat Sources in Biscuits
To better understand the differences, here is a comparison of typical mass-market biscuits and their palm oil-free counterparts.
| Feature | Typical Mass-Market Biscuit | Palm Oil-Free Biscuit Alternative |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Fat Source | Palm oil, often listed generically as "edible vegetable oil". | Ghee, butter, sunflower oil, coconut oil, or canola oil. |
| Texture | Crispy, but can sometimes feel greasy due to the fat type. | Often a richer, more buttery flavour and texture, depending on the fat used. |
| Shelf Life | Extended shelf life due to palm oil's stability. | May have a slightly shorter shelf life, though still perfectly suitable for consumption within a reasonable timeframe. |
| Cost | Generally lower, as palm oil is a cheaper ingredient. | Typically higher, reflecting the cost of premium, organic, or specialty fats. |
| Environmental Impact | Often associated with deforestation and habitat loss. | Brands often prioritize sustainable and eco-friendly sourcing. |
The Role of Homemade Biscuits
For those who prefer complete transparency and control over their ingredients, making biscuits at home is the best solution. Countless Indian recipes for traditional biscuits like Nankhatai or Jeera Biscuits use ghee, butter, or healthier vegetable oils. This not only guarantees a palm oil-free product but also allows for customisation with healthier ingredients like whole wheat flour, millets, and jaggery.
How to Identify Palm Oil on an Ingredient List
When scanning ingredient lists, be aware that palm oil may appear under many different names, including:
- Palm Kernel Oil
- Palmitic Acid
- Vegetable Oil (unless specified)
- Vegetable Fat
- Emulsifier (e.g., E471), which can be palm oil-derived
Conclusion: Making Informed Choices
Finding an Indian biscuit that does not contain palm oil is achievable with a bit of knowledge and diligence. While many mainstream products rely on this ingredient, the market offers several high-quality alternatives from organic and specialty brands. By scrutinising ingredient labels, focusing on brands with transparent sourcing policies, or even baking your own, you can easily find delicious palm oil-free biscuits. For more information on why avoiding palm oil can be beneficial for health and the environment, you can explore resources like the WWF's page on sustainable palm oil.