Understanding the Different Varieties of Job's Tears
Not all Job's tears plants are created equal. The edibility of the seed is determined by its specific botanical variety. Knowing the difference is the most important step for safe consumption. The two primary types of Coix lacryma-jobi are:
The Edible Variety: Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen
This is the cultivated, soft-shelled variety grown for human and animal consumption. It is known by many names, including coix seed, Chinese pearl barley (a misnomer as it's not related to barley), and adlay millet. It is sold in health food stores and Asian markets for cooking purposes. When cooked, it has a pleasant, chewy texture reminiscent of pearl barley or hominy and a mild, nutty, earthy flavor.
The Ornamental Variety: Coix lacryma-jobi var. lacryma-jobi
This is the wilder, hard-shelled variety. The shells are naturally tear-drop shaped and have a glossy, hard exterior, making them ideal for beading and crafts like necklaces and rosaries. These seeds are not for eating. The shell is extremely tough and indigestible.
Culinary Uses and Nutritional Benefits of Edible Job's Tears
Edible coix seeds are celebrated in many Asian cuisines for their unique texture and health properties. As a gluten-free grain, it is a versatile ingredient that can be incorporated into a wide range of dishes.
How to cook Job's tears
Cooking Job's tears is similar to preparing other whole grains, though they require a longer cooking time. A common method is as follows:
- Rinse: Rinse the dry grains thoroughly in a colander under running water.
- Soak (Optional): Soaking the grains for a few hours can reduce the cooking time, but it is not strictly necessary.
- Simmer: In a pot, combine the rinsed grains with water, covering them by a few inches. Bring the water to a boil, then reduce the heat to a simmer.
- Cook: Simmer for 45-55 minutes, or until the grains are tender but still chewy.
- Drain & Reserve: Drain the excess water, but consider reserving it to use as a nutrient-rich broth for soups or teas.
Recipe inspiration with cooked coix seeds
- Grain Bowls: Use as a hearty base for grain bowls with roasted vegetables, avocado, and a tahini-turmeric sauce.
- Soups and Stews: Add to soups, such as chicken or vegetable broth, to add bulk and a chewy texture.
- Sweet Desserts: Create a sweet dessert soup by simmering with water, rock sugar, and dried dates or goji berries.
- Salads: Toss into salads to make them more substantial and add a different texture.
Notable health benefits
Scientific research and traditional medicine highlight several potential health benefits of Job's tears, including:
- High in Fiber and Protein: A nutritious grain that is a good source of fiber, protein, and essential amino acids.
- Anti-inflammatory: Extracts have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in laboratory studies.
- Antioxidant Properties: Contains antioxidants that help combat cellular damage.
- Potential Cholesterol Reduction: Some studies in animals suggest it can help lower cholesterol levels.
- Support for Gastrointestinal Health: May have a protective effect on the digestive system.
- Gluten-Free: An excellent alternative to wheat-based grains for those with gluten sensitivities.
Important Safety Considerations
While generally safe when consumed in food amounts, there are important precautions to consider, especially for certain individuals.
Warning for Pregnancy: It is UNSAFE to consume Job's tears during pregnancy. Animal studies suggest it can induce uterine contractions and harm a developing embryo.
Breast-feeding: Due to a lack of reliable information, it is best to avoid use during breastfeeding.
Surgery: As Job's tears might affect blood sugar levels, it's recommended to stop using them at least two weeks before a scheduled surgery.
Medication Interactions: Be cautious if you are taking medication for diabetes, as Job's tears may also lower blood sugar. Discuss with a healthcare provider if you are on any medication before using as a supplement.
Comparison of Edible vs. Ornamental Job's Tears
| Feature | Edible Variety (var. ma-yuen) | Ornamental Variety (var. lacryma-jobi) |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Soft-hulled, white, plump kernels resembling large pearl barley. | Hard-shelled, tear-drop shaped, glossy exterior; colors can range from white to dark brown or black. |
| Texture | Tender and chewy when cooked. | Rock-hard, indigestible shell. |
| Primary Use | Culinary: Used in soups, porridges, salads, and beverages. | Decorative: Used for making beads, rosaries, and jewelry. |
| Availability | Typically found in Asian grocery stores or health food stores as packaged grains. | Often available at craft stores or grown in gardens for decorative purposes. |
Conclusion
In summary, the question of "are Job's tears edible?" has a nuanced answer: yes, but with a critical distinction between varieties. The soft-shelled, cultivated version is a nutritious, gluten-free grain enjoyed in many cultures and can be a fantastic addition to a balanced diet. However, the hard-shelled ornamental variety is inedible and should not be consumed. By purchasing your grains from a reputable food source and heeding the important safety warnings, especially for pregnant women, you can confidently explore the culinary potential of this ancient grain.
