Are tomatillos anti-inflammatory? A closer look at this husk-covered fruit

November 10, 2025 •

4 min read

Did you know that some compounds in the sticky coating of tomatillos have shown anti-inflammatory effects similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin? So, are tomatillos anti-inflammatory? The science suggests this little green fruit, known for its use in salsa verde, contains powerful compounds that may fight inflammation.

Quick Summary

Tomatillos contain beneficial anti-inflammatory compounds like withanolides and sucrose esters, which research suggests may reduce inflammation. However, as members of the nightshade family, they could cause issues for sensitive individuals, making a balanced perspective essential.

Key Points

Contains Withanolides: Tomatillos possess unique steroids called withanolides, which have demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, particularly helpful for arthritis symptoms.
Sucrose Ester Benefits: The sticky coating on the fruit contains sucrose esters with anti-inflammatory activity comparable to aspirin.
A Nightshade Vegetable: As a member of the nightshade family, tomatillos may trigger inflammation in some sensitive individuals, though not for everyone.
Rich in Antioxidants: Beyond withanolides, tomatillos are packed with antioxidants like Vitamin C, lutein, and zeaxanthin that combat oxidative stress.
Supports Digestive Health: The high dietary fiber content aids digestion and helps regulate blood sugar, contributing to overall wellness.
Heart-Healthy Nutrients: A good source of potassium, tomatillos can help manage blood pressure and support cardiovascular health.

The Science Behind Tomatillo's Anti-Inflammatory Potential

Tomatillos (scientific name: Physalis philadelphica) have a long history in Mexican cuisine, but their potential health benefits are now being explored through scientific research. The anti-inflammatory properties attributed to tomatillos are largely due to two primary groups of compounds: withanolides and sucrose esters.

Withanolides: A Powerful Phytochemical Group

Withanolides are naturally occurring steroids found in plants, and the ones present in tomatillos have been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. These compounds protect the body from oxidative stress caused by harmful free radicals, which is a key contributor to chronic inflammation. Research, including studies cited by WebMD, has explored the clinical benefits of withanolides in managing symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Natural medicinal systems, such as Ayurveda, have used withanolides for treating arthritis for centuries.

Sucrose Esters: Aspirin-like Activity

In 2016, researchers made a notable discovery about the sticky material on the surface of tomatillo fruit. This sticky residue contains several novel sucrose esters that were found to inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 enzymes in vitro, a mechanism similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin. This suggests that consuming the whole fruit, including its natural coating, could offer significant anti-inflammatory benefits.

The Nightshade Family: A Double-Edged Sword

Despite their anti-inflammatory compounds, tomatillos belong to the nightshade family, or Solanaceae, a botanical group that also includes tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplants. For some individuals, particularly those with autoimmune conditions or arthritis, nightshade vegetables may trigger inflammatory reactions.

Some nightshades contain alkaloids like solanine, which can cause discomfort or increase inflammation in sensitive people. However, the link between nightshades and inflammation is complex and not universally proven by scientific meta-analysis. Most people can consume nightshades without any issues. If you have concerns, it's best to monitor your body's response, perhaps by eliminating them from your diet for a short period and observing any changes in symptoms. Tomatillos are noted to have relatively low amounts of alkaloids compared to some other nightshades, but caution is still advised for sensitive individuals.

Comparing Tomatillos and Tomatoes

While they share a similar name and belong to the same family, tomatillos and tomatoes are distinct in flavor, use, and specific nutrient profiles. Here is a comparison:


Feature	Tomatillo	Tomato
Family	Nightshade (Physalis philadelphica)	Nightshade (Solanum lycopersicum)
Flavor	Tart, slightly acidic, citrusy	Sweet, umami
Anti-inflammatory compounds	Withanolides, Sucrose Esters	Lycopene, Carotenoids
Key Vitamins	Vitamin C, K, A	Vitamin C, A, K
Key Minerals	Potassium, Manganese, Magnesium	Potassium
Common Use	Salsa verde, sauces, stews	Sauces, salads, fresh eating

Both offer valuable antioxidants, but the specific anti-inflammatory phytochemicals differ. Tomatoes are well-known for lycopene, while tomatillos offer withanolides and sucrose esters.

Beyond Inflammation: Other Health Benefits of Tomatillos

In addition to their anti-inflammatory potential, tomatillos boast a comprehensive nutritional profile that contributes to overall health:

Rich in Dietary Fiber: A single cup of chopped tomatillos provides a notable amount of fiber, which is essential for digestive health, preventing constipation, and regulating blood sugar levels.
High in Vitamin C: Tomatillos are an excellent source of vitamin C, a potent antioxidant that supports a healthy immune system and is necessary for collagen production.
Supports Eye Health: They contain lutein and zeaxanthin, powerful antioxidants that accumulate in the retina and protect against age-related macular degeneration. Beta-carotene (a form of vitamin A) is also present, which further supports vision.
Heart-Healthy Minerals: Tomatillos are rich in potassium, a mineral vital for regulating blood pressure and maintaining proper heart function.
Low in Calories: At approximately 21 calories per half-cup serving, tomatillos are a low-calorie way to add flavor and nutrients to your meals.

Culinary Tips for Including Tomatillos in Your Diet

One of the best ways to reap the potential benefits of tomatillos is to include them in your regular diet. Here are a few ideas:

Salsa Verde: The most classic use, a fresh salsa verde can be made by roasting husked tomatillos with jalapeños, onions, and garlic, then blending with fresh cilantro and lime juice.
Sauces for Tacos and Enchiladas: Tomatillos form the base for many flavorful Mexican sauces, adding a vibrant tang.
Roasted Tomatillo Sauce: Roasting enhances their sweetness and mellows their tartness, making for a richer sauce.
Salads: Sliced raw tomatillos can add a zesty, crunchy element to salads.
Stewing: Add tomatillos to stews and chilis for a burst of unique flavor.

Conclusion: The Verdict on Tomatillos and Inflammation

So, are tomatillos anti-inflammatory? The evidence suggests that yes, they contain specific compounds with anti-inflammatory activity, particularly withanolides and sucrose esters. For most people, incorporating tomatillos into a balanced diet is a healthy choice that also provides a host of other nutritional benefits. However, because they are a nightshade, individuals with known sensitivities or inflammatory conditions like arthritis should be mindful of their intake and consult a healthcare provider or dietitian if they notice adverse effects. Overall, tomatillos can be a delicious and beneficial addition to an anti-inflammatory eating plan for those who tolerate them well.

For more detailed information on the health benefits of tomatillos, consult trusted medical sources.

Frequently Asked Questions

The primary anti-inflammatory compounds in tomatillos are withanolides, a group of naturally occurring steroids, and sucrose esters found in the fruit's sticky coating. Both have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

While generally safe and nutritious, tomatillos are part of the nightshade family and may aggravate inflammation in individuals sensitive to nightshades or those with certain inflammatory conditions like arthritis. Most people, however, can eat them without issue.

Both raw and cooked tomatillos contain anti-inflammatory compounds. Cooking may slightly alter the nutrient profile, but roasting, for example, can enhance the flavor and preserve many of the beneficial compounds.

Both tomatillos and tomatoes have anti-inflammatory potential, but from different compounds. Tomatillos are known for withanolides and sucrose esters, while tomatoes are famous for the antioxidant lycopene. Both can be beneficial, depending on personal tolerance.

Preliminary research and traditional use suggest that the withanolides in tomatillos may help manage symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, but more clinical research is needed. Individual responses vary, especially for those sensitive to nightshades.

Tomatillos are an excellent source of dietary fiber, vitamins C and A, and minerals like potassium and manganese. They support digestion, boost the immune system, promote eye health, and are low in calories.

You can add tomatillos to your diet by making salsa verde, sauces for tacos or enchiladas, roasting them with other vegetables, or adding them raw to salads for a zesty flavor.