What is Diatomaceous Earth?
Diatomaceous earth (DE) is a naturally occurring, soft, sedimentary rock made from the fossilized remains of microscopic aquatic organisms called diatoms. These fossils are primarily composed of amorphous silicon dioxide, or silica. There are two main grades of DE: food-grade and filter-grade, and understanding the difference is critical for safety.
Food-Grade vs. Filter-Grade DE
The key distinction lies in the silica content. Food-grade DE contains less than 2% crystalline silica and is considered safe for human consumption by the FDA, provided heavy metal standards are met. Filter-grade DE, however, is heat-treated (calcined) to increase its crystalline silica content to around 60%, making it toxic for consumption and dangerous if inhaled. Only food-grade DE should ever be considered for internal use.
Can I Drink Diatomaceous Earth Every Day?
While some users do consume food-grade diatomaceous earth daily, the practice is largely supported by anecdotal evidence rather than robust clinical research. The FDA recognizes it as 'Generally Recognized as Safe' (GRAS) in small amounts, but this designation primarily applies to its use as an anticaking agent in food products, not as a daily dietary supplement. Proponents claim benefits such as gut cleansing, detoxification, improved skin and nail health, and lower cholesterol, but these claims are mostly unsubstantiated by large-scale human studies.
Daily intake typically involves mixing a small amount (starting with a teaspoon) of food-grade DE into a glass of water, juice, or a smoothie and consuming it immediately, as it does not dissolve. Some people practice a '10 days on, 10 days off' schedule to give their bodies a break.
Potential Health Benefits and What the Science Says
- Digestive Health: Anecdotes suggest DE helps with regular bowel movements and gut cleansing. The theory is that its abrasive texture 'scours' the intestinal walls, but no human research supports this mechanism or its efficacy as a digestive aid.
- Detoxification: Some claim DE binds to and removes heavy metals and toxins. This theory stems from DE's use in industrial water filtration. However, human research has not verified this effect on the digestive system. The human body has its own efficient detox systems (liver and kidneys).
- Skin, Hair, and Nails: Silica is an essential mineral for collagen synthesis. Some individuals believe the silica in DE can improve the health and appearance of hair, skin, and nails. While silica is important, there is limited evidence that consuming DE is a bioavailable and effective way to boost silica levels for this purpose.
- Cholesterol Levels: One small, 1998 human study of 19 participants showed a reduction in total and LDL cholesterol after 8 weeks of DE supplementation, but the trial lacked a control group. No further robust studies have replicated these findings.
Safety Concerns and Side Effects
While food-grade DE is generally safe to consume, there are critical precautions to consider:
- Inhalation: The most significant and confirmed danger is inhalation of DE dust. The microscopic silica particles can irritate the nose, throat, and lungs. Long-term, excessive inhalation, particularly of crystalline silica, can lead to silicosis, a severe and irreversible lung disease. Always handle DE in a well-ventilated area and avoid creating dust clouds.
- Digestive Irritation: Some people experience mild side effects, such as stomach upset, bloating, or digestive discomfort, especially when starting a new regimen or taking large doses. This can be minimized by starting with a small dose and increasing gradually.
- Lack of Regulation: Dietary supplements are not as strictly regulated by the FDA as pharmaceuticals. The quality, purity, and concentration of food-grade DE can vary between brands, and health claims are not guaranteed.
- Drug Interactions: Due to its potential effect on gut absorption, DE may interfere with the effectiveness of certain medications. It is crucial to consult a healthcare professional, especially if you have pre-existing conditions or are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Comparison of Diatomaceous Earth Grades
| Feature | Food-Grade Diatomaceous Earth | Filter-Grade Diatomaceous Earth |
|---|---|---|
| Composition | Mostly amorphous silica | High levels of crystalline silica |
| Processing | Dried and milled; uncalcined | Heat-treated (calcined) at high temperatures |
| Safety for Ingestion | Generally recognized as safe in small amounts by FDA | Toxic; never to be consumed |
| Inhalation Risk | Avoid inhalation; can cause irritation | Very high risk; can cause silicosis |
| Primary Use (Human) | Food additive (anti-caking), anecdotal supplement | Do not use for human health; industrial filtration |
| Primary Use (Non-human) | Natural insecticide, pest control, animal feed additive | Pool, water, and beer filtration |
Safe Daily Consumption Guidelines
If, after consulting a healthcare provider, you decide to incorporate food-grade diatomaceous earth into your routine, follow these best practices:
- Start Slow and Listen: Begin with a small dose, such as a teaspoon mixed with liquid, and observe how your body reacts. Gradually increase the dosage, but do not exceed a tablespoon per day.
- Hydrate Adequately: DE can be dehydrating. Ensure you drink plenty of extra water throughout the day to support your digestive system and prevent potential constipation or irritation.
- Do Not Inhale: Never inhale the fine powder. Mix it carefully in a well-ventilated area to avoid creating dust that can irritate your respiratory system.
- Choose Reputable Brands: Purchase only certified food-grade DE from trusted sources that clearly state their product's purity and low crystalline silica content.
- Cycle Your Intake: Consider taking breaks, like a few weeks on and a few weeks off, to avoid continuous, long-term use without evidence of safety or efficacy.
Conclusion
While food-grade diatomaceous earth is considered safe for incidental consumption and has a history of use, the daily intake as a dietary supplement is largely supported by anecdotal claims, not conclusive scientific evidence. The purported benefits, from detoxification to improved hair health, lack verification from large-scale human studies. The crucial difference between food-grade and the highly dangerous filter-grade DE means meticulous product selection is necessary. Above all, the severe risk of lung damage from inhalation is non-negotiable and requires careful handling. Before beginning a daily regimen, it is best to consult a healthcare professional to discuss the potential risks and benefits relative to your individual health.
Important Note: For more information on the dangers of crystalline silica, you can refer to authoritative sources like the U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Summary of Key Takeaways
Always Use Food-Grade: Only food-grade DE, with less than 2% crystalline silica, is suitable for consumption. Filter-grade is toxic and dangerous. Avoid Inhalation: Inhaling DE dust can cause severe lung damage and silicosis; handle with care in a ventilated area. Limited Scientific Evidence: Most health benefits, including detoxification and improved skin, are anecdotal and lack supporting clinical research. Start Slowly: If consuming, begin with a small dose and increase gradually to minimize potential digestive side effects like upset or bloating. Consult a Professional: Always speak with a doctor or healthcare provider before starting a daily DE supplement, especially if you have pre-existing conditions. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help your body process DE and avoid potential dehydration or constipation issues. A Cycle of Use is Safer: Consider a rotational schedule, such as cycling between taking DE and taking a break, rather than continuous use.
FAQs
Q: Is it okay to drink diatomaceous earth every day? A: While food-grade diatomaceous earth is generally considered safe for consumption, there is limited scientific evidence to support the common health claims associated with daily use. A healthcare provider should be consulted before starting a daily regimen.
Q: What is the difference between food-grade and filter-grade diatomaceous earth? A: Food-grade DE contains low levels of amorphous silica and is safe for consumption, while filter-grade DE is high in toxic crystalline silica and should never be ingested or inhaled.
Q: What are the risks of inhaling diatomaceous earth? A: Inhaling DE dust, especially crystalline silica in filter-grade products, can irritate the lungs and lead to serious conditions like silicosis.
Q: How do I know if my diatomaceous earth is food-grade? A: Always purchase products explicitly labeled as 'Food Chemical Codex Grade' or 'Food Grade' from a reputable supplier. Reputable brands will often be certified by organizations like the Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI).
Q: Can diatomaceous earth be used for detoxification? A: While some people use it for 'detox,' the claim that DE can cleanse the human digestive tract of toxins and heavy metals is not supported by sufficient scientific research.
Q: Are there any side effects of drinking diatomaceous earth? A: Potential side effects include mild stomach upset, bloating, or flu-like symptoms. These can often be mitigated by starting with a small dose and increasing it gradually.
Q: Can I take diatomaceous earth for hair and nail health? A: The silica in DE is a component of collagen, but there is limited evidence that oral consumption of DE is an effective way to improve hair and nail health. Alternative methods for boosting silica intake exist, such as through diet.
Q: What is the proper dosage for drinking food-grade diatomaceous earth? A: Anecdotal recommendations suggest starting with a teaspoon mixed in liquid and increasing to no more than a tablespoon daily. Adequate hydration is essential.
Q: Will drinking diatomaceous earth lower my cholesterol? A: A small, early study showed a reduction in cholesterol, but the results are not conclusive and lack the support of a controlled, placebo-based study.
Q: Why do some people experience 'die-off' symptoms when taking DE? A: Some users report flu-like symptoms, which they attribute to a 'die-off' effect from toxins or bacteria leaving the body. These reports are anecdotal and not scientifically proven.
Q: Is DE effective against internal parasites in humans? A: While DE can kill external parasites in animals and insects, there is no scientific proof that it effectively treats internal parasites in humans. If you suspect you have parasites, see a doctor.
Q: Does food-grade DE have any nutritional value? A: While food-grade DE contains silica and trace minerals, its primary function when ingested is not for nutritional supplementation but is more related to its physical properties passing through the digestive tract.
