The Blood Type Diet's Theory on Chicken
The idea that specific blood types should avoid certain foods, including chicken, stems from the Blood Type Diet, popularized by naturopath Peter J. D'Adamo. His theory is based on the idea that food proteins called lectins can react negatively with the antigens present in different blood types, leading to health issues. According to D'Adamo’s book, Eat Right 4 Your Type, each blood group has a unique ancestral dietary history that dictates their modern nutritional needs.
Why Blood Types B and AB are Supposedly Affected
- Blood Type B: D'Adamo's theory classifies Type B individuals as 'nomadic,' with a digestive system supposedly well-adapted to a varied diet including meats and dairy. However, the diet recommends avoiding chicken, suggesting it contains a specific lectin that can agglutinate—or clump—the red blood cells of Type B individuals, which could lead to immune problems and stroke. Instead, Type B individuals are encouraged to consume other meats like lamb and goat.
- Blood Type AB: Characterized as an 'enigma,' the Type AB diet is a combination of the Type A and Type B recommendations. Like Type B, individuals with Type AB blood are also advised to avoid chicken. D'Adamo posits that Type AB individuals have low stomach acid, making chicken difficult to digest. This mixed, and sometimes contradictory, advice reflects the blending of two different ancestral profiles in the diet's pseudoscientific framework.
The Scientific Consensus: Debunking the Myth
Despite the Blood Type Diet's popularity, the vast majority of mainstream medical and scientific experts agree that the theory is without merit. Multiple studies have found no evidence linking blood type to specific dietary needs or improved health outcomes. The perceived benefits reported by some followers are likely the result of adopting generally healthier eating patterns, not from following blood-type-specific rules.
- Lack of Evidence: The seminal 2013 systematic review of blood type diet literature found zero evidence to validate its claims. Subsequent studies have reinforced this conclusion, with a 2014 study finding that while adherence to some blood-type diets was linked to favourable health markers, these associations were entirely independent of the individual's actual ABO genotype.
- The Lectin Theory Is Flawed: D'Adamo's central claim about lectins causing blood cell clumping in specific blood types is largely unsupported by evidence. Most lectins react with all blood types, not just certain ones, and cooking typically denatures these proteins, removing any theoretical risk. Furthermore, many beneficial foods, like beans and whole grains, are unfairly vilified in the diet.
- General Healthy Eating: The true benefit of any weight loss or health improvement on the Blood Type Diet comes from its emphasis on whole, unprocessed foods and the elimination of refined sugars and fast food. These are widely accepted dietary principles for good health, regardless of blood type.
Blood Type Diet Claims vs. Scientific Reality
Here is a comparison highlighting the discrepancy between the Blood Type Diet's theory and evidence-based nutrition.
| Feature | Blood Type Diet Claim | Scientific Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Dietary Basis | Ancestral genetics and blood type dictate optimal nutrition. | Genetic, metabolic, and lifestyle factors determine dietary needs. |
| Lectins | Specific lectins in foods cause dangerous agglutination in incompatible blood types. | Lectins are mostly neutralized by cooking, and dietary reactions are not blood-type-specific. |
| Chicken for Type B/AB | Should be avoided due to harmful lectins. | Lean protein like chicken is a healthy food source for all blood types. |
| Risks of Restriction | No risks, only benefits from following a 'natural' diet. | Overly restrictive diets can lead to nutrient deficiencies and potential health issues. |
| Observed Benefits | Improved health is due to blood type compatibility. | Any health benefits are due to adopting general healthy eating habits, not blood type. |
Nutritional Value of Chicken for All Blood Types
Chicken is a staple of many diets worldwide due to its versatility and nutritional benefits. As a lean protein source, it is low in fat, particularly when the skin is removed, and is packed with essential nutrients.
Benefits of incorporating chicken into a balanced diet:
- High-Quality Protein: Protein is crucial for muscle building, tissue repair, and overall bodily function. Chicken provides all the essential amino acids your body needs.
- Vitamins and Minerals: It is a good source of B vitamins, especially niacin (B3) and B6, which are important for energy metabolism. It also provides essential minerals like phosphorus and selenium.
- Weight Management: The high protein content can promote a feeling of fullness, which can aid in appetite control and weight management.
Conclusion
In summary, the question of what blood type can not eat chicken is rooted in the unsupported and scientifically debunked Blood Type Diet theory. While this diet suggests that individuals with blood types B and AB should avoid poultry due to supposed lectin-related issues, nutritional science shows that these claims are baseless. Chicken is a healthy and safe source of lean protein for people of all blood types. Rather than following restrictive and unproven diets based on your blood group, focus on a balanced, varied diet rich in whole foods, lean proteins, fruits, and vegetables to achieve optimal health. If you are considering a major change to your eating habits, it is always best to consult a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian for personalized, evidence-based advice.
For more information on the unproven nature of the blood type diet, read the Harvard Health blog post, "Diet not working? Maybe its not your type" at https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/diet-not-working-maybe-its-not-your-type-2017051211678.
