The Science Behind Low FODMAP Sourdough
For many on a low FODMAP diet, traditional bread can be a source of frustration, with its high content of fructans, a type of fermentable oligo-saccharide. This is where sourdough comes in. Traditional sourdough bread is made using a 'starter,' a fermented culture of flour and water that contains wild yeasts and Lactobacillus bacteria. This process, unlike quick-rise commercial baking, is long and slow.
During the long fermentation, the Lactobacillus bacteria consume the fructans present in the flour. This action effectively 'predigests' the high-FODMAP components, significantly reducing their levels in the final baked product. When prepared correctly, with sufficient time for the fermentation to occur, sourdough bread can be a safe and well-tolerated option for many individuals with IBS.
Different flours have different FODMAP levels, and the fermentation process affects them uniquely. Monash University, the leader in FODMAP research, has tested various sourdough types and provides clear guidance through their app.
Low FODMAP Certified Sourdough Brands
The easiest and most reliable way to find low FODMAP sourdough is to look for products with official certification. The Monash University Low FODMAP Certified™ logo guarantees that a product has been scientifically tested and contains low levels of FODMAPs at the specified serving size.
Here are some brands that offer certified or specifically designated low FODMAP sourdough products:
- Schär: A well-known gluten-free brand, Schär offers several Monash certified options. Their Deli Style Seeded Sourdough is specifically labeled as low FODMAP. They also provide other products that are FODMAP-friendly, such as their Artisan Baker White or Artisan Baker Multigrain breads.
- Little Northern Bakehouse: In certain regions, this company's Millet & Chia and Seeds & Grains breads are certified low FODMAP. These are also gluten-free, providing a great alternative for those with sensitivities.
- COBS Bread Bakery: Available in Canada and select U.S. locations, COBS offers a line of LowFOD™ breads. These are specifically created for the diet and are clearly labeled in their bakeries.
- Inéwa: A Quebec-based brand, Inéwa features several Monash certified breads, including spelt and buckwheat sourdough, catering to those following the diet.
Navigating Non-Certified Options and Artisanal Bakeries
While certified brands offer peace of mind, many delicious low FODMAP sourdoughs come from local bakeries without a formal certification. The key is to ask the right questions and inspect the ingredients. A traditional, slow-fermented sourdough made with simple ingredients is your best bet.
Here's what to look for when choosing non-certified sourdough:
- Simple Ingredients: A traditional sourdough starter contains only flour and water. The finished bread should contain only starter, flour (wheat or spelt), water, and salt. Be wary of loaves with added yeast, garlic, onion, or other high-FODMAP additives.
- Fermentation Time: The longer the fermentation time, the more fructans will be broken down. Artisanal bakers are often proud of their process and may share details about their bulk fermentation and cold proofing periods.
- Flour Type: Opt for traditional white wheat or spelt sourdough. Sourdoughs made with kamut or rye flour are typically high FODMAP and should be avoided, especially during the elimination phase.
Comparison of Low FODMAP Sourdough Options
| Brand/Type | FODMAP Status | Key Features | Where to Find |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schär Deli Style Seeded Sourdough | Certified Low FODMAP | Certified by Monash, gluten-free, ready-to-eat | Supermarkets, online retailers |
| Little Northern Bakehouse Millet & Chia | Certified Low FODMAP | Certified by Monash (regionally), high fiber, gluten-free | Supermarkets (Canada/U.S.), online retailers |
| Artisanal White Wheat Sourdough | Depends on preparation | Often fresh, robust flavor, simple ingredients | Local bakeries, farmer's markets |
| Homemade Spelt Sourdough | Full Control (Low FODMAP if done correctly) | Complete control over ingredients and fermentation | Home baking (requires starter and time) |
Reading the Labels and Asking Questions
To ensure you are getting a genuinely low FODMAP loaf, whether certified or not, a little due diligence is required. Here's a quick checklist:
- Check for Certification: The easiest method is to look for the Monash certification logo on the packaging.
- Review Ingredients: Look for a short, simple list: flour, water, salt, sourdough culture. Avoid additional yeast, syrups, or spices like garlic powder.
- Ask the Baker: When visiting a local bakery, don't be afraid to ask about their process. Inquire about the fermentation length and the types of flour used. They can often provide details that packaging cannot.
Conclusion
Finding low FODMAP sourdough is entirely possible and can be a rewarding experience. Certified brands like Schär and Little Northern Bakehouse provide clear, safe choices, removing the guesswork from your diet. For those who enjoy visiting local bakeries, understanding the science of long fermentation and scrutinizing the ingredients list can lead to equally delicious and well-tolerated options. If you're a keen baker, making your own spelt or gluten-free sourdough offers complete control. Armed with this knowledge, you can safely and confidently add sourdough back into your diet. For the most up-to-date information on tested foods and serving sizes, consult the Monash University Low FODMAP Diet app.