A Closer Look at the Red Dye 3 Ban
Following decades of petitioning by consumer advocacy groups, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) took a significant step in January 2025 by revoking authorization for the use of FD&C Red No. 3 in food. This synthetic, petroleum-based dye, also known as erythrosine, has long been a subject of concern due to its link to cancer in male rats exposed to high levels in lab studies. The ban comes nearly 35 years after the dye was restricted from use in cosmetics, highlighting a long-standing regulatory paradox. The agency’s decision, mandated by the Delaney Clause of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, requires manufacturers to find alternative colorings.
While the ban is a victory for food safety advocates, it does not take effect immediately for all products. Food manufacturers have until January 2027 to reformulate their recipes, meaning products containing Red 3 may still be available for purchase for the foreseeable future. Consumers seeking to avoid the additive must proactively check ingredient labels for "FD&C Red No. 3" or "Erythrosine".
Candy brands that have contained red dye 3
Many iconic candy brands have traditionally relied on Red Dye 3 to achieve their vibrant colors. While some companies have proactively begun reformulation, these are some of the most notable products that have used the additive:
- Brach's Candy: Famous for holiday-themed treats, Brach's Classic Candy Corn, Conversation Hearts, and other seasonal assortments have historically contained Red Dye 3. The parent company, Ferrara, has stated it began phasing out the dye in 2023 and expected Red 3-free products to be on shelves by the fall 2025 season.
- Pez Candy: The small, assorted fruit-flavored candies sold in collectible dispensers have consistently used Red Dye 3. A spokesperson for the company confirmed they would comply with all federal laws regarding the ingredient.
- Dubble Bubble: The original twist-wrapped bubble gum and gumballs from Dubble Bubble have listed Red Dye 3 in their ingredients. Tootsie, the parent company, has reportedly begun the process of removing the dye.
- Jelly Belly: Certain varieties of Jelly Belly jelly beans have used Red 3, though the company offers many flavors that do not contain the dye.
- Trolli: Some Trolli sour gummy candies, such as Sour Crunchy Crawlers, have been identified as containing Red Dye 3.
- Ring Pops: Specific flavors of these popular lollipop rings, including Strawberry and Berry Blast, have used Red Dye 3.
Comparing popular candies and their use of Red Dye 3
Understanding which brands have relied on Red Dye 3 is crucial, but it's also helpful to see how they compare to alternatives. Many confectionery companies have already found success with natural alternatives like beet juice or carmine.
| Candy Brand | Contains Red Dye 3 (Historically) | Status Post-Ban Announcement | Potential Red Dye 3-Free Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brach's Candy Corn | Yes | Reformulating, expected to be off shelves by 2027. | Look for brands with natural colorings like paprika or beet juice. |
| Pez (Assorted Fruit) | Yes | Brand stated it will comply with federal laws. | European versions use natural colorants. Check labels or look for natural versions. |
| Jelly Belly | Some varieties | Reformulating or phasing out affected varieties. | Many Jelly Belly flavors do not contain Red Dye 3; check labels carefully. |
| M&M's | No (removed years ago) | Already Red 3-free. | Not applicable. |
| Skittles | No | Already Red 3-free, though some variants may contain other dyes. | Not applicable. |
| Trolli Sour Crawlers | Yes | Reformulating required by 2027. | Seek natural alternative candies with fruit and vegetable concentrates. |
The larger context of food safety
The FDA's ban on Red 3 is part of a larger conversation about the safety of artificial food additives. While some manufacturers have voluntarily switched to natural colorings, others have defended the use of synthetic dyes. The European Union has banned or strictly regulated many of the dyes still in use in the U.S.. Following the lead of states like California, which banned Red 3 and other chemicals in 2023, federal regulators have been pushed to take more decisive action.
For conscientious consumers, the move away from artificial dyes is about more than just avoiding a single chemical. It encourages a shift toward more natural, whole-food ingredients and away from ultra-processed snacks that frequently contain a cocktail of synthetic colorings, preservatives, and high sugar levels. The ban serves as a reminder to always read the ingredient list, especially for children's treats and seasonal products where bright colors are common.
Ultimately, the removal of Red Dye 3 is a step towards aligning U.S. food safety standards with those of other developed nations. As companies reformulate their products, the marketplace for artificial-dye-free candy is expanding, giving consumers more options than ever before. For up-to-date information on the latest food safety announcements, visit the FDA website.
Conclusion
The FDA's ban on Red Dye 3 marks a significant change in the confectionery industry, requiring many beloved brands to alter their formulations. While products like Pez, Dubble Bubble, and Brach's Candy Corn have been known to contain this synthetic dye, manufacturers have until 2027 to comply with the new regulations. For consumers, the immediate path to avoiding Red Dye 3 involves carefully checking ingredient labels for erythrosine and considering the expanding array of candies that use natural, plant-based colorants. This development not only addresses a known health risk but also empowers consumers to make more mindful choices about the processed foods they purchase.
