What is MGO and Why is it Unique to Manuka Honey?
MGO, short for methylglyoxal, is a naturally occurring compound found in high concentrations in Manuka honey. It is formed from another compound, dihydroxyacetone (DHA), which is present in the nectar of the New Zealand Manuka tree (Leptospermum scoparium). Over time, DHA naturally converts into MGO during the maturation process of the honey, a chemical reaction that contributes to its distinctive properties.
This process is what sets Manuka honey apart from most other varieties. While other honeys derive their antibacterial effects from hydrogen peroxide, which is easily broken down by enzymes in the body, MGO-rich Manuka honey maintains its potent, non-peroxide antibacterial activity (NPA). This stability allows it to remain effective when applied topically or ingested.
Health Benefits Attributed to MGO
Research has linked the MGO content of Manuka honey to numerous health benefits, stemming from its powerful antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.
Wound and Skin Care
One of the most clinically recognised uses for high-MGO Manuka honey is in wound care. It creates a protective, antibacterial barrier that helps prevent infection and promotes tissue regeneration.
- Fights bacteria: MGO is effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains like MRSA.
- Reduces inflammation: Its anti-inflammatory properties help soothe irritated skin, burns, and other superficial wounds, reducing pain and swelling.
- Treats skin conditions: Topical application can assist in managing skin conditions like acne and eczema by balancing skin bacteria and reducing redness.
Digestive Health Support
When ingested, MGO-rich Manuka honey can support a healthy gut and alleviate several digestive issues.
- Combats harmful bacteria: Studies suggest that Manuka honey with sufficient MGO levels can inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori, a common bacterium linked to stomach ulcers.
- Eases IBS symptoms: Research has indicated potential for improving digestive symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
- Promotes gut balance: It helps maintain a healthy balance of bacteria within the gut microbiome.
Immune System Support
The potent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of MGO can provide overall support for the body's immune system. Regular consumption can help protect the body from infections, especially during cold and flu season.
Oral Health and Sore Throat Relief
MGO's antibacterial action extends to oral health, where it can inhibit the growth of bacteria responsible for plaque and gum inflammation. For sore throats, the honey's thick, coating texture combined with MGO's antibacterial properties helps soothe irritation and fight infection.
Understanding the MGO Grading System
When shopping for Manuka honey, the MGO rating on the label is a key indicator of its strength and quality. The number represents the concentration of methylglyoxal in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). Higher numbers signify a more potent, therapeutically active honey.
Comparison of MGO Grades and Corresponding Uses
| MGO Rating | Suggested Use Case | Typical Potency Level |
|---|---|---|
| MGO 100+ to 250+ | General wellness, daily consumption | Mild to moderate antibacterial activity, suitable for adding to food and drinks. |
| MGO 260+ to 500+ | Targeted support for minor ailments | Moderate potency, often used for seasonal wellness, sore throats, or minor cuts. |
| MGO 500+ and above | High-strength therapeutic support | Very potent, ideal for intensive support like wound care, skin infections, and specific digestive issues. |
Clarifying Common Confusions
MGO vs. MgO (Magnesium Oxide)
It is vital not to confuse MGO (methylglyoxal) with MgO (magnesium oxide). Magnesium oxide is an inorganic salt often sold as a dietary supplement or antacid and is unrelated to Manuka honey. The therapeutic benefits described here are exclusive to the methylglyoxal found in Manuka honey.
MGO vs. UMF™ Certification
While MGO is a direct measure of potency, UMF™ (Unique Manuka Factor) is a comprehensive certification that provides an extra layer of assurance. UMF™ verifies MGO levels alongside other key markers like DHA and leptosperin, which confirm authenticity, purity, and freshness. For the highest level of confidence, many consumers look for honey with both MGO and UMF™ ratings.
For more detailed scientific information on MGO, authoritative resources such as the UMF Honey Association's guidelines offer further insight. Explore their resources for a deeper understanding of genuine Manuka honey quality standards.
Conclusion
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the defining compound that distinguishes Manuka honey from other varieties, providing uniquely stable and potent antibacterial properties. From aiding wound healing and supporting digestive health to boosting the immune system and soothing sore throats, MGO is central to the honey's therapeutic value. By understanding the MGO rating system, consumers can select the appropriate strength for their specific health needs, ensuring they receive a genuine and effective product.
Key Benefits of MGO in Manuka Honey
- Potent Antibacterial Action: The methylglyoxal (MGO) in Manuka honey offers superior antibacterial effects compared to regular honey, fighting a wide range of bacteria effectively.
- Supports Wound Healing: Applied topically, MGO-rich honey helps protect wounds from infection and accelerates the natural healing process.
- Aids Digestive Health: MGO can help balance gut flora and combat harmful bacteria like H. pylori, supporting overall digestive well-being.
- Strengthens Immune Function: The powerful antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of MGO contribute to a stronger immune system.
- Effective Sore Throat Relief: The antimicrobial action soothes throat irritation and attacks bacteria, providing natural relief for sore throats and coughs.
- Enhances Skin Condition: MGO's properties can help with skin issues such as acne and eczema by fighting bacteria and reducing inflammation.
- Indicates Potency and Quality: The MGO rating on a jar provides a quantifiable measure of the honey's strength, helping consumers choose the right product for their needs.
MGO in Manuka Honey: What You Need to Know
- Acts as a natural antiseptic: MGO is the compound responsible for Manuka honey's antiseptic effect, which is highly stable and effective.
- Develops from DHA: The concentration of MGO increases as the honey matures, converting from dihydroxyacetone (DHA).
- Tested and certified: Genuine Manuka honey batches are independently tested to verify their MGO levels, ensuring authenticity and potency.
- Non-peroxide activity: Unlike regular honey, MGO provides a stable non-peroxide activity, making it more effective in a medical context.
