What is sattu flour called in English?
The English name for sattu flour is most accurately translated as roasted gram flour or roasted chickpea flour. It is a traditional and highly nutritious flour originating from the Indian subcontinent, specifically popular in regions like Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh. The name 'sattu' itself is derived from the Sanskrit word 'saktu,' meaning coarsely ground parched barley meal, reflecting its ancient roots. While the most common variant is made from roasted Bengal gram (chickpeas), regional variations might also include roasted barley, wheat, or a mixture of different pulses and cereals. Its versatility and dense nutritional profile have earned it the modern status of a 'superfood' globally.
The difference between sattu and besan
One of the most frequent points of confusion is distinguishing between sattu and besan, as both are derived from chickpeas. However, a crucial difference in their preparation and properties sets them apart. Besan is made from raw chickpeas, while sattu is made from chickpeas that have been dry roasted before being ground into a flour. This roasting process is what gives sattu its unique nutty flavor and ready-to-eat status, unlike besan which requires cooking.
| Feature | Sattu | Besan (Gram Flour) |
|---|---|---|
| Preparation | Ground from roasted Bengal gram or other roasted grains. | Ground from raw Bengal gram (chickpeas). |
| Texture | Coarser texture, though can be ground fine. | Finer and smoother texture. |
| Color | Darker, brownish color due to roasting. | Pale yellow color. |
| Flavor | A distinctive nutty and earthy taste. | Subtly nutty, but with a raw, slightly bitter taste that requires cooking. |
| Culinary Use | Often used for uncooked drinks (sharbat), stuffings, and laddoos. | Used as a binding agent in cooking for dishes like pakoras, dhokla, and curries. |
| Shelf Life | Longer shelf life due to roasting. | Shorter shelf life compared to sattu. |
Health benefits of sattu flour
Sattu has a wide range of health benefits, primarily due to its rich nutrient content, which includes high levels of protein and fiber.
Promotes digestive health
Sattu is rich in insoluble fiber, which acts as a natural cleanser for the colon. Consuming it, especially on an empty stomach, can improve bowel movements, help with constipation, and reduce acidity and bloating.
Excellent energy booster
Packed with complex carbohydrates, sattu provides a steady and sustained release of energy throughout the day. This makes it an ideal energy drink for athletes, laborers, and anyone needing a quick, healthy boost of energy without the crash associated with sugary drinks.
Keeps the body cool
Its naturally cooling properties make sattu a perfect summer beverage. A simple drink made with sattu, water, salt, and lemon can help lower body temperature and prevent dehydration and heatstroke during intense heat.
Aids in weight management
Due to its high protein and fiber content, sattu promotes a feeling of fullness for a longer period, curbing hunger pangs and reducing overall calorie intake. It also helps boost metabolism, assisting in weight loss efforts.
Regulates blood sugar
Sattu has a low glycemic index, which means it releases glucose slowly into the bloodstream. This helps in regulating blood sugar levels and makes it a beneficial food choice for people with diabetes.
Rich in nutrients
Sattu is a powerhouse of minerals including iron, magnesium, and potassium, which are essential for various bodily functions like tissue repair and blood pressure regulation. It is also an excellent source of plant-based protein, making it valuable for vegetarians and vegans.
How to use sattu flour
Sattu flour's versatility allows it to be incorporated into a variety of dishes, both sweet and savory.
- Sattu Sharbat: The most popular use, this is a refreshing drink made by mixing sattu with water, black salt, roasted cumin powder, and sometimes a squeeze of lemon juice. A sweet version with jaggery or sugar is also common.
- Sattu Paratha: Sattu is used as a flavorful and protein-rich stuffing for Indian flatbreads called parathas, a staple in Bihari and other regional cuisines.
- Litti Chokha: A famous dish from Bihar where dough balls (litti) are stuffed with a spiced sattu mixture and served with chokha (mashed vegetables).
- Laddoos: Sattu can be used to make nutritious and tasty energy balls by combining it with jaggery, ghee, and nuts.
- Porridge: A simple, quick, and healthy breakfast can be made by mixing sattu with milk or water.
- Snacks: Sattu is used to make savory snacks like kebabs and tikkis.
Conclusion
In conclusion, what is sattu flour called in English can be answered with the accurate descriptors of roasted gram flour or roasted chickpea flour. This traditional superfood, rich in protein, fiber, and essential minerals, offers a host of health benefits, from aiding digestion and weight management to providing sustained energy and a natural cooling effect. Its versatility in both sweet and savory preparations makes it an easy and valuable addition to any diet, proving that some of the most beneficial foods are also the most simple and traditional. The robust and nutty flavor profile, a result of the roasting process, distinguishes it from its raw counterpart, besan, and makes it a unique and delicious ingredient to explore. Embracing sattu means embracing a healthy, time-tested food that's gaining global recognition for all the right reasons.
