Understanding Manuka Honey's Potency: MGO and UMF Explained
When selecting Manuka honey for a cough, you'll encounter different grading systems that measure its potency. Unlike regular honey, which relies on hydrogen peroxide for its antibacterial action, Manuka's unique non-peroxide activity is largely due to a compound called Methylglyoxal (MGO).
The Role of Methylglyoxal (MGO)
MGO is a naturally occurring compound in Manuka honey that is directly linked to its antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. The MGO rating on a jar indicates the concentration of methylglyoxal in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). The higher the MGO number, the stronger the honey's medicinal properties. For example, MGO 550+ honey contains a higher concentration of this active compound than MGO 250+ honey, making it more potent.
The UMF™ Grading System
UMF™, or Unique Manuka Factor, is another trusted grading system that measures not only MGO but also other key markers to ensure the honey is authentic, pure, and potent. The UMF™ rating confirms the honey's quality and its concentration of beneficial compounds. There is a direct correlation between UMF™ and MGO ratings, allowing you to choose based on whichever system the brand uses. A UMF™ 10+ is roughly equivalent to MGO 263+, while a UMF™ 15+ corresponds to MGO 514+.
Which Manuka Honey Strength for Your Cough?
Determining the right strength depends on the severity and persistence of your cough and related symptoms. Higher-strength Manuka honey generally offers more pronounced therapeutic benefits.
Minimum Strength for Therapeutic Relief
For general wellness and to soothe a mild, occasional cough, a mid-range Manuka honey is often sufficient. Many producers recommend MGO 250+ or UMF 10+ as the minimum level for medicinal use. This strength is effective for soothing an irritated throat and providing relief from symptoms associated with a common cold.
Higher Potency for Persistent Symptoms
If you are dealing with a more severe or persistent cough, especially during cold and flu season, a higher grade may be more effective. Grades of MGO 550+ or UMF 15+ and above are often recommended for their increased potency and antibacterial action. This stronger honey can provide more robust support against the underlying bacterial or viral agents that may be causing the cough.
How to Use Manuka Honey for Cough Relief
To maximize the soothing and therapeutic benefits of Manuka honey, proper consumption is key. Here are some effective methods:
- Direct Consumption: Take one to two teaspoons of Manuka honey straight from the spoon. Let it slowly dissolve in your mouth to coat your throat, which helps soothe irritation and calm the cough reflex.
- Warm Beverages: Stir a teaspoon into a cup of warm (not hot) water or herbal tea. Adding a squeeze of fresh lemon juice can enhance the soothing effect. Excessively hot water can degrade the beneficial enzymes in the honey, so be mindful of the temperature.
- Before Bedtime: A spoonful of Manuka honey taken before bed is especially useful for suppressing nocturnal coughing, leading to improved sleep quality.
- Throat Lozenges: You can make your own soothing lozenges or buy commercial products for on-the-go relief.
Manuka vs. Regular Honey for Coughs
While all honey can offer some soothing effects for a cough, Manuka's unique properties give it a distinct advantage.
| Feature | Manuka Honey | Regular Honey |
|---|---|---|
| Antibacterial Strength | High, primarily due to Methylglyoxal (MGO). | Low, relies on hydrogen peroxide which is neutralized by saliva and body fluids. |
| Anti-inflammatory | Contains anti-inflammatory compounds that reduce throat swelling and irritation. | Provides general soothing but less specific anti-inflammatory action. |
| Effectiveness | Demonstrated in studies to be more effective than some common cough suppressants in reducing cough frequency and severity. | Generally effective as a demulcent (soothes irritated tissues). |
| Antiviral Properties | Exhibits antiviral properties, helpful for viral respiratory infections. | Limited evidence of significant antiviral properties. |
| Cost | Generally more expensive due to its unique origin and processing. | More affordable and widely available. |
Safety Considerations and Side Effects
Manuka honey is generally safe for most people, but there are a few important considerations.
- Infants under 12 months: Do not give any type of honey to infants under one year of age. Honey can contain Clostridium botulinum spores, which can lead to infantile botulism in their underdeveloped digestive systems.
- Diabetes: All honey is high in sugar and can affect blood sugar levels. Individuals with diabetes should monitor their intake carefully and consult a doctor.
- Allergies: Those with an allergy to bees or honey should avoid Manuka honey.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right Manuka Honey Strength
For effective cough relief, selecting a Manuka honey with a verified MGO rating of 250+ (or UMF 10+) or higher is recommended. For more stubborn or severe symptoms, opting for a higher grade, such as MGO 550+ or UMF 15+, can provide more potent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory benefits. By using it correctly, either by the spoonful or in a warm drink, Manuka honey offers a natural and scientifically supported way to soothe a cough and aid in recovery.
The Science Behind Manuka Honey's Effect on URIs
The effectiveness of honey for symptomatic relief in upper respiratory tract infections was highlighted in a 2020 systematic review and meta-analysis. The researchers concluded that honey showed significant improvements in overall symptom scores, cough frequency, and cough severity when compared to usual care, though results compared to placebo were less conclusive. The unique components of Manuka, particularly its high MGO content, give it an edge over regular honey in these applications.
