Skittles' Sweet Evolution: A Journey from Animal to Plant-Based
For many years, the rainbow-colored candy was off-limits for vegetarians due to the inclusion of animal-based ingredients. The most notable of these was gelatin, a gelling agent used to create the chewy texture. Gelatin is derived from animal collagen, typically sourced from the bones and skin of cows and pigs. In a move to expand their consumer base, Mars Wrigley removed gelatin from the standard Skittles recipe over a decade ago.
Another animal-derived ingredient of concern was carmine (also known as cochineal extract or E120), a vibrant red food coloring made from the crushed bodies of female cochineal insects. This was a common ingredient in many candies, including Skittles in some regions like the UK, until its removal around 2015. The removal of both gelatin and carmine has made modern, standard Skittles accessible to a much broader audience, including those who follow a plant-based or vegetarian diet. The shift reflects a wider trend in the food industry to cater to changing consumer preferences and ethical considerations.
Current Standard Skittles Ingredients
To understand why Skittles are now largely vegetarian and vegan-friendly, it's helpful to look at the ingredients that replaced the animal-derived components. Instead of gelatin, Skittles now use plant-based alternatives to achieve their signature chewy texture. The smooth, glossy finish is also derived from a plant source. Here is a breakdown of the key ingredients that contribute to their plant-based status:
- Sugar and Corn Syrup: The base of Skittles consists of these two common sweeteners derived from plants.
- Modified Corn Starch: This plant-based ingredient is used as a gelling agent to create the chewy interior.
- Carnauba Wax: Sourced from the leaves of the carnauba palm, this plant-based wax provides the candies with their glossy finish.
- Natural and Artificial Flavors: These are combinations of compounds typically sourced from plants or created synthetically.
- Food Colors: The vibrant hues now come from synthetic food dyes derived from petroleum, or from plant concentrates.
Important Considerations for Stricter Diets
While Skittles are now gelatin-free and carmine-free, vegetarians and vegans following a stricter ethical code may still have some considerations. These concerns revolve around certain ingredient sourcing methods and the parent company's practices.
- Bone Char in Sugar Processing: Some cane sugar is processed using bone char, which is derived from animal bones, to achieve a white color. While the final sugar product contains no animal particles, this method is a concern for some vegans. Unless the product is certified organic or explicitly states vegan sugar, it's impossible to know if this process was used.
- Palm Oil and Environmental Ethics: Skittles contain palm kernel oil, a plant-based ingredient. However, the production of palm oil has been widely criticized for its negative environmental impact, including deforestation and habitat destruction for critically endangered animals like orangutans. Ethical vegans and vegetarians concerned with these issues may choose to avoid products containing palm oil.
- Limited Edition and Regional Varieties: Not all Skittles products are created equal. Formulations can differ between countries and certain limited-edition flavors may contain animal-derived ingredients. For example, some blue-colored Skittles in the past were not vegan. The most prudent course of action is to check the ingredient list on every new package you purchase.
- Parent Company Practices: The parent company of Skittles, Mars, has engaged in animal testing for certain products in the past. While this may not be directly related to the candy itself, it can be a point of contention for strict vegans who oppose all forms of animal exploitation. The decision to support a company with a complex ethical history is up to the individual consumer.
Comparing Candies for Vegetarian and Vegan Diets
For those navigating the world of confectionery on a plant-based diet, understanding ingredient differences is crucial. The following table compares common candies based on their suitability for vegetarians and vegans.
| Candy Brand | Are They Vegetarian? | Are They Vegan? | Key Ingredients to Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Skittles (Standard) | Yes | Yes (Generally) | Contains palm oil; potential bone char in sugar processing. |
| Sour Patch Kids | Yes | Yes | A safe, plant-based alternative. |
| Swedish Fish | Yes | Yes | Traditionally gelatin-free. |
| Starburst | Yes | Yes | Gelatin-free in the US and UK. |
| Twizzlers | Yes | Yes | Also a reliable plant-based option. |
| Haribo Gummies | No (Most) | No | Most varieties contain gelatin. |
| Jelly Belly Jelly Beans | Yes | Yes (Some) | Many are vegetarian and vegan, but not all. Check the variety. |
Conclusion: Tasting the Rainbow with Confidence
Ultimately, for most vegetarians and vegans, the question, "are Skittles vegetarian friendly?" has a positive answer. The manufacturer's decision to remove gelatin and carmine means that most standard packs of Skittles are now plant-based and suitable for a vegetarian diet. However, navigating dietary choices is often more complex than a simple yes or no. Factors such as the ethical sourcing of ingredients like palm oil, the use of bone char in sugar processing, and the practices of the parent company all play a role in a more conscientious approach to eating. To be certain, the best practice is to always read the ingredient label, especially for limited-edition flavors or products from different regions. For those with strict ethical standards regarding all animal-related products, exploring brands that explicitly market themselves as certified vegan may offer greater peace of mind. For those looking for certified-vegan alternatives, PETA offers a guide to gelatin-free candies, such as Sour Patch Kids and Swedish Fish.
