MGO: The Scientific Powerhouse in Manuka Honey
When you see 'MGO' followed by a number on a honey jar, it is a marker of genuine Manuka honey. MGO stands for methylglyoxal, a compound naturally produced from dihydroxyacetone (DHA), which is found in high concentrations in the nectar of the Manuka bush (Leptospermum scoparium). As the honey matures, the DHA converts into MGO, giving Manuka honey its distinct non-peroxide antibacterial properties. This conversion is what makes Manuka honey exceptionally effective against a wide range of bacteria, unlike regular honey where the antibacterial activity comes primarily from hydrogen peroxide that can be neutralized by enzymes in the body.
How is MGO Measured and Graded?
The MGO level is measured in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) and is verified through independent laboratory testing. A jar labeled 'MGO 400+' contains at least 400mg of methylglyoxal per kilogram of honey. The higher the number, the greater the concentration of MGO, and the stronger the honey's antibacterial potency. Different MGO grades correspond to different uses, from everyday wellness to targeted therapeutic applications.
MGO vs. Other Manuka Honey Rating Systems
Navigating the world of Manuka honey labels can be confusing due to multiple grading systems. While MGO is a direct measure of methylglyoxal, the Unique Manuka Factor (UMF) is a more comprehensive system. UMF™ is a trademarked quality assurance system that verifies not only the MGO level, but also other key markers like leptosperin (an authenticity marker) and DHA.
Comparison of MGO and UMF™ Grading
| Feature | MGO System | UMF™ System |
|---|---|---|
| Measurement | Measures methylglyoxal (MGO) concentration directly. | Measures MGO, plus other markers like DHA and leptosperin. |
| Scope | Quantifies a single, potent antibacterial compound. | Provides a broader assessment of authenticity, purity, and potency. |
| Assurance | Indicates strength based on a specific compound. | Independent certification ensures origin, potency, and quality. |
| Equivalency | MGO 83+ is roughly equivalent to UMF™ 5+. | UMF 15+ corresponds to approximately MGO 512+. |
| Traceability | Can be tested and labeled by any producer. | Requires licensing from the UMF Honey Association. |
For consumers, the MGO rating provides a straightforward measure of potency, while the UMF™ certification offers a more complete assurance of the honey's overall quality and genuine New Zealand origin. Both are reliable indicators when verified by accredited labs.
Health Benefits Associated with MGO
The methylglyoxal in Manuka honey has been linked to a variety of health benefits. These properties stem from its potent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.
Potential Benefits Include:
- Wound and burn healing: Medical-grade Manuka honey is used topically to treat minor burns, cuts, and ulcers. It draws moisture from the wound, prevents bacterial growth, and creates a moist, protective barrier that encourages healing.
- Sore throat relief: The antibacterial properties of MGO can help attack the bacteria that cause sore throats, while the honey's thick consistency soothes irritation.
- Improved oral health: Studies suggest that Manuka honey can inhibit the growth of harmful oral bacteria that contribute to plaque formation and gingivitis.
- Digestive wellness: MGO's potent properties have shown promise in helping to calm digestive issues, particularly in managing gut bacteria.
- Skin health: Applied topically, Manuka honey's antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties can aid in treating acne and reducing the appearance of scars.
It is important to remember that for medical applications, a healthcare professional should always be consulted, and specially prepared, sterilized honey should be used rather than standard jars from the pantry.
How to Choose the Right MGO Honey
When selecting a jar of Manuka honey, consider your intended use and budget. The MGO number is a key factor, but other certifications can provide extra assurance. Look for a label that features a clear MGO number, and for guaranteed authenticity, consider products with UMF™ certification from the UMF Honey Association.
- For Everyday Use (MGO 30+ to 100+): These lower grades are ideal for a daily boost, as a natural sweetener, or for general wellness support. They offer a milder taste and are a great introduction to Manuka honey.
- For Moderate Support (MGO 100+ to 300+): This range is suitable for seasonal wellness and can provide a more significant boost during cold and flu season or for supporting general immune function.
- For High Potency (MGO 500+ and above): Higher grades are more potent and often sought after for targeted therapeutic uses, such as supporting digestive health or applying topically for skin issues.
Conclusion
In essence, the MGO number on a honey jar is a direct measure of its methylglyoxal content, the compound responsible for the potent antibacterial effects of genuine Manuka honey. The higher the number, the stronger the honey's activity and potential health benefits. By understanding what MGO means, and how it relates to other quality markers like UMF™, consumers can make informed choices to select the right product for their specific wellness goals, whether for daily maintenance or more intensive support.
